What does the term "terroir" refer to in winemaking?

The term "terroir" refers to the unique set of environmental factors that affect a vineyard, which includes the soil, climate, topography, and even the local traditions and cultural practices that shape how grapes are grown and how wine is produced. It embodies the concept of "sense of place," indicating that the physical and human elements of a specific location impart distinctive characteristics to the wine produced there.

Understanding terroir is essential for comprehending why wines from different regions can taste so different, even if they are made from the same grape variety. Each vineyard reflects a unique interaction of these elements, which leads to the expression of the grapes and the resulting wine in a way that is specific to that locale. This connection to the land is what makes terroir a foundational concept in winemaking and wine appreciation.