Which of the following terms describes the geographic location from which grapes are sourced under the AOC system?

The term that best describes the geographic location from which grapes are sourced under the AOC (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée) system is "terroir." Terroir encompasses not only the physical geography—such as soil, climate, and topography—but also includes the cultural and traditional practices of a specific region that influence the characteristics of the wine produced there. In the context of the AOC system, which is a French classification that defines specific geographic regions and regulations for wine production, "terroir" plays a crucial role in establishing the identity of a wine, reflecting its origin and the unique qualities imparted by that environment.

The other terms provided have distinct meanings that do not pertain specifically to geographic origin in the same way. For instance, "cru" refers to a specific vineyard or group of vineyards classified for their quality, which can be part of a broader terroir but does not define it. "Vinification" relates to the process of transformation from grape to wine, encompassing the techniques and methods used in winemaking. A "sommelier" is a wine professional specializing in wine service and knowledge, but does not relate to the geographic classification of grapes. Thus, "terroir" is the